356 lines
8.3 KiB
Markdown
356 lines
8.3 KiB
Markdown
---
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title: 飞行实体的控制方法
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category: 巧思案例
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tags:
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- 配方
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- 中级
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mentions:
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- SirLich
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- Joelant05
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- Dreamedc2015
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- MedicalJewel105
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- aexer0e
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- imsolucid
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- nebulacrab
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- Luthorius
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- TheItsNameless
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---
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# 飞行实体的控制方法
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<!--@include: @/wiki/bedrock-wiki-mirror.md-->
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无论是制作飞机还是飞龙，为飞行实体添加可控性对于未接触过此类概念的开发者来说都具有挑战性。由于没有"标准"方法来实现飞行操控，本文将展示三种主要的替代方案。
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## 高跳缓降法
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虽然不算严格意义上的"飞行"，但通过设置实体高跳跃能力并附加缓降和加速效果是最直接的方式。
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需要给实体添加 `"minecraft:horse.jump_strength"` 组件，该组件可控制跳跃高度并禁用跳跃键下马功能。
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::: code-group
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```json [组件配置]
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"minecraft:horse.jump_strength": {
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"value": 7
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}
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```
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:::
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使用范围值对象可显示蓄力进度条：
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::: code-group
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```json [蓄力进度条配置]
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"minecraft:horse.jump_strength": {
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"value": { "range_min": 0.6, "range_max": 1.2 }
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}
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```
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:::
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通过动画控制器在空中时附加缓降和加速效果：
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（可参考[实体命令动画控制器教程](/animation-controllers/entity-commands)）
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::: code-group
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```json [动画控制器]
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"controller.animation.dragon.flying":{
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"states":{
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"default":{
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"transitions":[
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{
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"jumping":"!q.is_on_ground"
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}
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]
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},
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"jumping":{
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"transitions":[
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{
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"default":"q.is_on_ground"
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}
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],
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"on_entry":[
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"/effect @s slow_falling 20000 0 true",
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"/effect @s speed 20000 10 true"
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],
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"on_exit":[
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"/effect @s clear"
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]
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}
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}
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}
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```
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:::
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实体描述符需关联控制器：
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::: code-group
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```json [实体配置]
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"description":{
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"identifier":"wiki:dragon",
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"is_spawnable":true,
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"is_summonable":true,
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"is_experimental":false,
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"scripts":{
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"animate":[
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"flying"
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]
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},
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"animations":{
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"flying":"controller.animation.dragon.flying"
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}
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}
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```
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:::
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通过调整跳跃力度和速度参数可改变飞行体验，但实体最终仍会下落。
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## 视角控制法
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这是最流行的飞行控制方式，通过检测玩家俯仰角来控制垂直运动。优点是可主动控制升降，缺点是视角转动会影响飞行轨迹。
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使用命令方块检测玩家垂直视角并应用飘浮/缓降效果：
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::: code-group
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```mcfunction
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execute @a[rxm=-90,rx=-25] ~~~ effect @e[type=wiki:dragon,r=1] levitation 1 6 true
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execute @a[rxm=-25,rx=-15] ~~~ effect @e[type=wiki:dragon,r=1] levitation 1 3 true
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execute @a[rxm=-15,rx=-5] ~~~ effect @e[type=wiki:dragon,r=1] levitation 1 2 true
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execute @a[rxm=-5,rx=20] ~~~ effect @e[type=wiki:dragon,r=1] levitation 1 1 true
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execute @a[rxm=20,rx=35] ~~~ effect @e[type=wiki:dragon,r=1] slow_falling 1 1 true
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execute @a[rxm=35,rx=90] ~~~ effect @e[type=wiki:dragon,r=1] clear
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```
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:::
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**注意：根据实体尺寸和坐骑点位置可能需要调整选择器半径 `r` 的数值**
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建议通过动画控制器关联玩家实现持续效果：
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::: code-group
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```json [玩家动画控制器]
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{
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"format_version": "1.10.0",
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"animation_controllers": {
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"controller.animation.base": {
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"initial_state": "default",
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"states": {
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"default": {
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"transitions": [
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{
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"base": "(1.0)"
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}
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],
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"on_entry": [
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"/function dragon_control"
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]
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},
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"base": {
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"transitions": [
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{
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"default": "(1.0)"
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}
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],
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"on_entry": [
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"/function dragon_control"
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]
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}
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}
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}
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}
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}
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```
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:::
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通过改良版动画控制器维持飞行速度:
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::: code-group
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```json [改良版速度控制器]
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"controller.animation.dragon.flying":{
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"states":{
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"default":{
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"transitions":[
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{
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"jumping_1":"!q.is_on_ground"
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}
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]
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},
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"jumping_1":{
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"transitions":[
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{
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"transition_to_default":"q.is_on_ground"
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},
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{
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"jumping_2":"true"
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}
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],
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"on_entry":[
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"/effect @s speed 15 10 true"
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]
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},
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"jumping_2":{
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"transitions":[
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{
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"transition_to_default":"q.is_on_ground"
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},
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{
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"jumping_1":"true"
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}
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],
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"on_entry":[
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"/effect @s speed 15 10 true"
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]
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},
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"transition_to_default":{
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"transitions":[
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{
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"transition_to_default":"true"
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}
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],
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"on_entry":[
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"/effect @s clear"
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]
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}
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}
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}
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```
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:::
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添加骑乘检测标签来优化误触发问题：
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::: code-group
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```json [骑乘检测控制器]
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"controller.animation.dragon.test_rider":{
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"states":{
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"default":{
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"transitions":[
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{
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"has_rider":"q.has_rider"
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}
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]
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},
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"has_rider":{
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"transitions":[
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{
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"default":"!q.has_rider"
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}
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],
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"on_entry":[
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"/tag @s add has_rider"
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],
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"on_exit":[
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"/tag @s remove has_rider"
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]
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}
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}
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}
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```
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:::
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对应调整命令选择器：
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::: code-group
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```mcfunction
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execute @a[rxm=-90,rx=-25] ~~~ effect @e[type=wiki:dragon,r=1,tag=has_rider] levitation 1 6 true
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execute @a[rxm=-25,rx=-15] ~~~ effect @e[type=wiki:dragon,r=1,tag=has_rider] levitation 1 3 true
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execute @a[rxm=-15,rx=-5] ~~~ effect @e[type=wiki:dragon,r=1,tag=has_rider] levitation 1 2 true
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execute @a[rxm=-5,rx=20] ~~~ effect @e[type=wiki:dragon,r=1,tag=has_rider] levitation 1 1 true
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execute @a[rxm=20,rx=35] ~~~ effect @e[type=wiki:dragon,r=1,tag=has_rider] slow_falling 1 1 true
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execute @a[rxm=35,rx=90] ~~~ effect @e[type=wiki:dragon,r=1,tag=has_rider] clear
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```
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:::
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## 跳跃键控制法
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通过跳跃键实现升降控制：按住跳跃上升，松开自动下降。
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首先禁用默认跳跃功能：
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::: code-group
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```json [实体组件配置]
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"minecraft:horse.jump_strength": {
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"value": 0
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},
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"minecraft:can_power_jump": {}
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```
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:::
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创建响应跳跃输入的动画控制器：
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::: code-group
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```json [跳跃键控制器]
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"controller.animation.fly_dragon":{
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"initial_state":"falling",
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"states":{
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"falling":{
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"on_entry":[
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"/effect @e[type=wiki:dragon,r=1,c=1] levitation 0"
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],
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"transitions":[
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{
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"rising":"q.is_jumping"
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}
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]
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},
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"rising":{
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"on_entry":[
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"/effect @e[type=wiki:dragon,r=1,c=1] levitation 100000 6 true"
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],
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"transitions":[
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{
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"falling":"!q.is_jumping"
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}
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]
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}
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}
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}
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```
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:::
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需修改玩家行为文件（需从[官方模板包](https://aka.ms/behaviorpacktemplate)获取）并添加控制器：
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::: code-group
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```json [玩家配置文件]
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"description":{
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"identifier":"minecraft:player",
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"is_spawnable":false,
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"is_summonable":false,
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"animations":{
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"fly_dragon":"controller.animation.fly_dragon"
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},
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"scripts":{
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"animate":[
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{
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"fly_dragon":"q.is_riding"
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}
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]
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}
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}
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```
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:::
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添加离鞍状态复位控制器：
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::: code-group
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```json [离鞍复位控制器]
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"controller.animation.reset_levitation":{
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"initial_state":"no_rider",
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"states":{
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"no_rider":{
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"transitions":[
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{
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"has_rider":"q.has_rider"
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}
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]
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},
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"has_rider":{
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"on_exit":[
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"/effect @s levitation 0"
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],
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"transitions":[
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{
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"no_rider":"!q.has_rider"
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}
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]
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}
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}
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}
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```
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::: |