388 lines
8.8 KiB
Markdown
388 lines
8.8 KiB
Markdown
---
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title: 投掷物
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category: 巧思案例
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tags:
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- 中级
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mentions:
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- Fabrimat
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- MedicalJewel105
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- Luthorius
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- IlkinQafarov
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- seeit360
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- TheItsNameless
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- SmokeyStack
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- ThomasOrs
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---
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# 投掷物
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<!--@include: @/wiki/bedrock-wiki-mirror.md-->
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::: tip
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本教程假定您已掌握 Molang、动画控制器和实体定义的基础知识。
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:::
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类似喷溅药水或三叉戟这样的物品属于可投掷的特殊物品。目前有两种方式可以在附加包中实现类似效果，一种适用于稳定版，另一种需要开启 `Holiday Creator Features` 实验性功能。
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## 稳定版实现方案
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此方案通过动画控制器检测 `minecraft:food` 组件的使用情况，并通过修改 `player.json` 在投掷时生成实体。
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### 物品定义
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首先创建可投掷物品：
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::: code-group
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```json [BP/items/throwable_item.item.json]
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{
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"format_version": "1.16.0",
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"minecraft:item": {
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"description": {
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"identifier": "wiki:throwable_item"
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},
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"components": {
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"minecraft:max_stack_size": 16,
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"minecraft:use_duration": 12000,
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"minecraft:food": {
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"can_always_eat": true
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}
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}
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}
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}
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```
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:::
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关键点解析：
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- `format_version` 必须为 `1.16.0`
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- `minecraft:use_duration` 需设置较大值以防止播放进食音效
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- `minecraft:food` 组件用于启用物品使用检测
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由于格式版本为 `1.16.0`，需添加资源包定义：
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::: code-group
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```json [RP/items/throwable_item.item.json]
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{
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"format_version": "1.16.0",
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"minecraft:item": {
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"description": {
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"identifier": "wiki:throwable_item",
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"category": "Equipment"
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},
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"components": {
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"minecraft:icon": "throwable_item"
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}
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}
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}
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```
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:::
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### 实体定义
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该实体将作为实际投掷物，具有弹射物特性。注意添加雪球运行时标识使实体具有投射行为，也可尝试其他投射物标识。
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::: code-group
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```json [BP/entities/throwable_item_entity.se.json]
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{
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"format_version": "1.16.0",
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"minecraft:entity": {
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"description": {
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"identifier": "wiki:throwable_item_entity",
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"is_spawnable": false,
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"is_summonable": true,
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"is_experimental": false,
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"runtime_identifier": "minecraft:snowball"
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},
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"components": {
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"minecraft:collision_box": {
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"width": 0.25,
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"height": 0.25
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},
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"minecraft:projectile": {
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"on_hit": {
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"grant_xp": {
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"minXP": 3,
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"maxXP": 5
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},
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"impact_damage": {
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"damage": 16
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},
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"remove_on_hit": {}
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},
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"power": 0.7,
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"gravity": 0.03,
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"angle_offset": -20.0,
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"hit_sound": "glass"
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},
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"minecraft:physics": {},
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"minecraft:pushable": {
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"is_pushable": true,
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"is_pushable_by_piston": true
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},
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"minecraft:conditional_bandwidth_optimization": {
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"default_values": {
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"max_optimized_distance": 80.0,
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"max_dropped_ticks": 10,
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"use_motion_prediction_hints": true
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}
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}
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}
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}
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}
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```
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:::
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此实体基于原版喷溅药水设计，可通过修改 `minecraft:projectile` 组件调整行为（示例中投掷物将造成伤害并给予经验）。
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### 动画控制器
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动画控制器负责检测物品使用并触发投掷事件：
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::: code-group
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```json [BP/animation_controllers/throwables.ac.json]
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{
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"format_version": "1.10.0",
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"animation_controllers": {
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"controller.animation.player.throwables": { // 将在玩家实体描述中引用的ID
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"states": {
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"default": {
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"transitions": [
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{
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// "q.is_item_name_any" 接受三个参数：槽位名称、槽位ID、检测物品
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"throw_item": "q.is_item_name_any('slot.weapon.mainhand', 0, 'wiki:throwable_item') && q.is_using_item"
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// "q.is_using_item" 返回布尔值表示物品使用状态
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}
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],
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"on_entry": [
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// 重置玩家状态以支持连续投掷
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"@s wiki:reset_player"
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]
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},
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"throw_item": {
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"transitions": [
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{
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"default": "1.0"
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}
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],
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"on_entry": [
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// 触发投掷事件
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"@s wiki:throw_item",
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// 移除玩家物品
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"/clear @s wiki:throwable_item -1 1"
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]
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}
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}
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}
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}
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}
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```
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:::
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#### player.json 配置
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:::tip
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请确保您的 `player.json` 文件与当前游戏版本保持同步，可在此处获取最新版本：[bedrock.dev](https://bedrock.dev/packs)
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:::
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:::warning
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请勿随意修改或删除 `player.json` 原有内容，否则可能导致游戏异常
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:::
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注册动画控制器至玩家实体：
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::: code-group
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```json [BP/entities/player.json]
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{
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"format_version": "1.18.20",
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"minecraft:entity": {
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"description": {
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"identifier": "minecraft:player",
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"is_spawnable": false,
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"is_summonable": false,
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"is_experimental": false,
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"scripts": {
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"animate": [
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"throwables_controller" // 需与下方定义保持一致
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]
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},
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"animations": {
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"throwables_controller": "controller.animation.player.throwables" // 动画控制器ID
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}
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},
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"components": {
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"minecraft:breathable": { // 防止显示呼吸气泡
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"total_supply": 15,
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"suffocate_time": -1,
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"inhale_time": 3.75,
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"generates_bubbles": false
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}
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},
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...
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}
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```
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:::
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添加组件组和事件：
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::: code-group
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```json [BP/entities/player.json#minecraft:entity]
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"component_groups": {
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"wiki:throw_entity": { // 包含实体生成组件
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"minecraft:spawn_entity": {
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"entities": {
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"min_wait_time": 0,
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"max_wait_time": 0,
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"single_use": true,
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"spawn_entity": "wiki:throwable_item_entity",
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"num_to_spawn": 1
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}
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}
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}
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},
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"events": {
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"wiki:reset_player": {
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"remove": {
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"component_groups": [
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"wiki:throw_entity"
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]
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}
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},
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"wiki:throw_item": {
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"add": {
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"component_groups": [
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"wiki:throw_entity"
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]
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}
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}
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}
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```
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:::
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## 实验版实现方案
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此方案需启用 `Holiday Creator Features` 实验性功能。
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### 物品定义
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::: code-group
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```json [BP/items/throwable_item.item.json]
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{
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"format_version": "1.16.100",
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"minecraft:item": {
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"description": {
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"identifier": "wiki:throwable_item"
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},
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"components": {
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"minecraft:max_stack_size": 16,
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"minecraft:on_use": {
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"on_use": {
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"event": "throw"
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}
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},
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"minecraft:icon": {
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"texture": "apple"
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}
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},
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"events": {
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"throw": {
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"shoot": {
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"projectile": "wiki:throwable_item_entity",
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"launch_power": 2,
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"angle_offset": 1
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},
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"swing": {},
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"decrement_stack": {},
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"run_command": {
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"command": [
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"playsound fire.ignite",
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"playsound mob.witch.throw"
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]
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}
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}
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}
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}
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}
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```
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:::
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关键点说明：
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- `format_version` 必须为 `1.16.100`
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- `minecraft:on_use` 用于响应右键事件
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事件参数：
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- `shoot` 投射实体
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- `swing` 播放挥动动画
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- `decrement_stack` 减少物品堆叠
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- `run_command` 执行音效指令
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### 实体定义
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实体文件与稳定版相同。
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<Spoiler title="BP/entities/throwable_item_entity.se.json">
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::: code-group
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```json [BP/entities/throwable_item_entity.se.json]
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{
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"format_version": "1.16.0",
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"minecraft:entity": {
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"description": {
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"identifier": "wiki:throwable_item_entity",
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"is_spawnable": false,
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"is_summonable": true,
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"is_experimental": false,
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"runtime_identifier": "minecraft:snowball"
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},
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"components": {
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"minecraft:collision_box": {
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"width": 0.25,
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"height": 0.25
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},
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"minecraft:projectile": {
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"on_hit": {
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"grant_xp": {
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"minXP": 3,
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"maxXP": 5
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},
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"impact_damage": {
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"damage": 16
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},
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"remove_on_hit": {}
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},
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"power": 0.7,
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"gravity": 0.03,
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"angle_offset": -20.0,
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"hit_sound": "glass"
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},
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"minecraft:physics": {},
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"minecraft:pushable": {
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"is_pushable": true,
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"is_pushable_by_piston": true
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},
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"minecraft:conditional_bandwidth_optimization": {
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"default_values": {
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"max_optimized_distance": 80.0,
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"max_dropped_ticks": 10,
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"use_motion_prediction_hints": true
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}
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}
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}
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}
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}
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```
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:::
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</Spoiler>
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## 扩展应用
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完成基础投掷物后，您可以尝试以下扩展：
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- 调整投射力度和弹道参数
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- 添加粒子效果和高级动画
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- 组合使用[区域效果云](/wiki/entities/introduction-to-aec)
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- 实现不同命中效果（燃烧、中毒等）
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通过灵活运用组件和事件系统，可以创造出丰富的投掷物玩法。 |