315 lines
9.4 KiB
Markdown
315 lines
9.4 KiB
Markdown
---
|
||
title: 方块入门
|
||
category: 基础
|
||
nav_order: 1
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
# 方块入门
|
||
|
||
<!--@include: @/wiki/bedrock-wiki-mirror.md-->
|
||
|
||
:::tip 格式版本 & 最低引擎版本 `1.20.30`
|
||
本页介绍基础方块特性。更多方块组件内容请访问[此处](/wiki/blocks/block-components)。
|
||
:::
|
||
|
||
:::danger <nbsp/>
|
||
原版方块的逻辑是硬编码实现的，无法被修改或访问。
|
||
:::
|
||
|
||
Minecraft 基岩版允许我们添加具有多种类原版特性的自定义方块。自定义方块可以拥有多阶段生长（如植物）、方向朝向等实用功能。
|
||
|
||
本教程将指导如何在稳定版 Minecraft 中创建基础方块。
|
||
|
||
## 注册方块
|
||
|
||
方块定义的结构与实体类似：包含行为描述和定义方块特性的组件列表。
|
||
|
||
与实体不同，方块除`RP/blocks.json`外没有其他资源定义。
|
||
|
||
以下是将自定义方块加入创造模式物品栏所需的**最低限度**行为包代码：
|
||
|
||
::: code-group
|
||
|
||
```json [BP/blocks/custom_block.json]
|
||
{
|
||
"format_version": "1.20.30",
|
||
"minecraft:block": {
|
||
"description": {
|
||
"identifier": "wiki:custom_block",
|
||
"menu_category": {
|
||
"category": "construction", // 方块所在的创造模式物品栏或配方书标签
|
||
"group": "itemGroup.name.concrete", // 方块所属的可展开分组（可选）
|
||
"is_hidden_in_commands": false // 是否在命令中隐藏该方块（可选）
|
||
}
|
||
},
|
||
"components": {} // 必须保留，即使为空！
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
```
|
||
:::
|
||
|
||
### 方块描述
|
||
|
||
- 定义方块的`identifier` - 采用`命名空间:标识符`格式的唯一ID
|
||
- 配置方块的`menu_category`归属
|
||
- 可选参数`group`和`is_hidden_in_commands`
|
||
|
||
_方块描述还包含[状态](/wiki/blocks/block-states)和[特性](/wiki/blocks/block-traits)，相关内容请参见对应页面。_
|
||
|
||
## 添加组件
|
||
|
||
目前我们的自定义方块使用的是默认组件值（可参考[此处](/wiki/blocks/block-components)）。
|
||
|
||
现在开始自定义功能配置！
|
||
|
||
::: code-group
|
||
|
||
```json [BP/blocks/custom_block.json]
|
||
{
|
||
"format_version": "1.20.30",
|
||
"minecraft:block": {
|
||
"description": {
|
||
"identifier": "wiki:custom_block",
|
||
"menu_category": {
|
||
"category": "construction"
|
||
}
|
||
},
|
||
"components": {
|
||
"minecraft:destructible_by_mining": {
|
||
"seconds_to_destroy": 3
|
||
},
|
||
"minecraft:destructible_by_explosion": {
|
||
"explosion_resistance": 3
|
||
},
|
||
"minecraft:friction": 0.4,
|
||
"minecraft:map_color": "#ffffff",
|
||
"minecraft:light_dampening": 0,
|
||
"minecraft:light_emission": 4,
|
||
"minecraft:loot": "loot_tables/blocks/custom_block.json"
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
```
|
||
:::
|
||
|
||
- [`minecraft:destructible_by_mining`](/wiki/blocks/block-components#destructible-by-mining) 定义玩家破坏方块所需时间（目前无法为不同工具设置不同破坏时间）
|
||
- [`minecraft:destructible_by_explosion`](/wiki/blocks/block-components#destructible-by-explosion) 定义抗爆性。值越高，被炸毁概率越低
|
||
- [`minecraft:friction`](/wiki/blocks/block-components#friction) 定义方块摩擦系数。例如灵魂沙具有高摩擦值会减缓玩家，冰的低摩擦值则产生滑溜效果。经典方块（如木头/石头）的摩擦系数为`0.4`
|
||
- [`minecraft:map_color`](/wiki/blocks/block-components#map-color) 是地图上显示的代表色（十六进制）。`#ffffff`代表白色，可通过[在线取色器](https://www.google.com/search?q=hex+color+picker)获取其他颜色代码
|
||
- [`minecraft:light_dampening`](/wiki/blocks/block-components#light-dampening) 定义光线阻挡程度
|
||
- [`minecraft:light_emission`](/wiki/blocks/block-components#light-emission) 定义方块发光等级
|
||
- [`minecraft:loot`](/wiki/blocks/block-components#loot) 定义战利品表路径。若移除，方块将默认掉落自身。更多战利品表信息请访问[此处](/wiki/loot/loot-tables)
|
||
|
||
_更多组件配置请访问[方块组件手册](/wiki/blocks/block-components)!_
|
||
|
||
## 应用纹理
|
||
|
||
:::warning
|
||
`RP/blocks.json`会忽略命名空间。即使不写命名空间或随意填写也不会产生影响。若自定义方块与原版方块同名（仅命名空间不同）可能导致问题
|
||
:::
|
||
:::tip <nbsp/>
|
||
[方块音效](/wiki/blocks/block-sounds)也可在`RP/blocks.json`中定义
|
||
:::
|
||
|
||
对于基础的16×16×16像素方块，纹理应在`RP/blocks.json`中定义。
|
||
|
||
如需使用自定义模型，应使用[geometry（几何组件）](/wiki/blocks/block-components#geometry)和[material_instances（材质实例）](/wiki/blocks/block-components#material-instances)。
|
||
|
||
::: code-group
|
||
|
||
```json [RP/blocks.json]
|
||
{
|
||
"format_version": [1, 1, 0],
|
||
"wiki:custom_block": {
|
||
"textures": "custom_block", // 此纹理简称需在下方terrain_texture.json中定义
|
||
"sound": "grass"
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
```
|
||
:::
|
||
|
||
现在需要在`RP/textures/terrain_texture.json`中关联纹理简称与图片路径：
|
||
|
||
::: code-group
|
||
|
||
```json [RP/textures/terrain_texture.json]
|
||
{
|
||
"texture_name": "atlas.terrain",
|
||
"resource_pack_name": "wiki", // 资源包ID
|
||
"padding": 8, // 防止纹理视觉溢出
|
||
"num_mip_levels": 4, // 远距离/倾斜视角下的纹理质量
|
||
"texture_data": {
|
||
// 我们的纹理简称：
|
||
"custom_block": {
|
||
"textures": "textures/blocks/custom_block" // 指向图片文件名
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
```
|
||
:::
|
||
|
||
### 分面纹理
|
||
|
||
纹理可按面分别设置。例如一个自定义"指南针方块"可使用以下✨惊艳✨纹理：
|
||
|
||
`textures/blocks/compass_block_down.png`
|
||
|
||
<WikiImage src="/assets/images/blocks/blocks-intro/compass_block_down.png" pixelated="true" width="64"/>
|
||
|
||
`textures/blocks/compass_block_up.png`
|
||
|
||
<WikiImage src="/assets/images/blocks/blocks-intro/compass_block_up.png" pixelated="true" width="64"/>
|
||
|
||
`textures/blocks/compass_block_north.png`
|
||
|
||
<WikiImage src="/assets/images/blocks/blocks-intro/compass_block_north.png" pixelated="true" width="64"/>
|
||
|
||
`textures/blocks/compass_block_east.png`
|
||
|
||
<WikiImage src="/assets/images/blocks/blocks-intro/compass_block_east.png" pixelated="true" width="64"/>
|
||
|
||
`textures/blocks/compass_block_south.png`
|
||
|
||
<WikiImage src="/assets/images/blocks/blocks-intro/compass_block_south.png" pixelated="true" width="64"/>
|
||
|
||
`textures/blocks/compass_block_west.png`
|
||
|
||
<WikiImage src="/assets/images/blocks/blocks-intro/compass_block_west.png" pixelated="true" width="64"/>
|
||
|
||
<br>
|
||
<br>
|
||
|
||
对应的`blocks.json`配置如下：
|
||
|
||
::: code-group
|
||
|
||
```json [RP/blocks.json]
|
||
{
|
||
"format_version": [1, 1, 0],
|
||
"wiki:compass_block": {
|
||
"textures": {
|
||
"down": "compass_block_down",
|
||
"up": "compass_block_up",
|
||
"north": "compass_block_north",
|
||
"east": "compass_block_east",
|
||
"south": "compass_block_south",
|
||
"west": "compass_block_west"
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
```
|
||
:::
|
||
|
||
<br>
|
||
|
||
若使用[材质实例](/wiki/blocks/block-components#material-instances)，配置示例如下：
|
||
|
||
::: code-group
|
||
|
||
```json [minecraft:block > components]
|
||
"minecraft:material_instances": {
|
||
"*": {
|
||
"texture": "compass_block_down" // 此纹理用于破坏粒子效果
|
||
},
|
||
"up": {
|
||
"texture": "compass_block_up"
|
||
},
|
||
"north": {
|
||
"texture": "compass_block_north"
|
||
},
|
||
"east": {
|
||
"texture": "compass_block_east"
|
||
},
|
||
"south": {
|
||
"texture": "compass_block_south"
|
||
},
|
||
"west": {
|
||
"texture": "compass_block_west"
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
```
|
||
:::
|
||
|
||
对应的`terrain_texture.json`数据：
|
||
|
||
::: code-group
|
||
|
||
```json [RP/textures/terrain_texture.json]
|
||
{
|
||
"texture_name": "atlas.terrain",
|
||
"resource_pack_name": "wiki",
|
||
"padding": 8,
|
||
"num_mip_levels": 4,
|
||
"texture_data": {
|
||
"compass_block_down": {
|
||
"textures": "textures/blocks/compass_block_down"
|
||
},
|
||
"compass_block_up": {
|
||
"textures": "textures/blocks/compass_block_up"
|
||
},
|
||
"compass_block_north": {
|
||
"textures": "textures/blocks/compass_block_north"
|
||
},
|
||
"compass_block_east": {
|
||
"textures": "textures/blocks/compass_block_east"
|
||
},
|
||
"compass_block_west": {
|
||
"textures": "textures/blocks/compass_block_west"
|
||
},
|
||
"compass_block_south": {
|
||
"textures": "textures/blocks/compass_block_south"
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
```
|
||
:::
|
||
|
||
## 定义名称
|
||
|
||
最后定义方块的显示名称：
|
||
|
||
::: code-group
|
||
|
||
```c [RP/texts/en_US.lang]
|
||
tile.wiki:custom_block.name=自定义方块
|
||
tile.wiki:compass_block.name=指南针方块
|
||
```
|
||
:::
|
||
|
||
更多本地化内容请访问[文本与翻译指南](/wiki/concepts/text-and-translations)。
|
||
|
||
## 成果总结
|
||
|
||
通过本教程，您已掌握：
|
||
|
||
<Checklist>
|
||
|
||
- [x] 方块基础特性
|
||
- [x] 如何应用统一纹理
|
||
- [x] 如何设置分面纹理
|
||
|
||
</Checklist>
|
||
|
||
...但这只是开始，更多精彩内容等待探索！
|
||
|
||
## 下一步学习
|
||
|
||
<MyFeatures :items="[
|
||
{
|
||
title: '扩展功能',
|
||
desc: '学习各类可用方块组件打造独特玩法。使用geometry（几何组件）为方块添加自定义模型！还可以通过collision_box（碰撞箱）和selection_box（选择框）配置物理交互区域。',
|
||
link: '/blocks/block-components',
|
||
image: 'assets/images/homepage/crafting_table_0.png'
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
title: '创建变体',
|
||
desc: '利用方块状态和permutations（状态切换）实现条件触发的组件功能。例如为储液罐方块添加多级液面高度功能，并支持多种液体类型。',
|
||
image: 'assets/images/homepage/scripting.png'
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
title: '复刻原版',
|
||
desc: '在原版复刻分类中查看多个完整实现案例。从简单的自定义玻璃方块开始，体验material_instances（材质实例）的应用！',
|
||
link: '/blocks/block-components',
|
||
image: 'assets/images/homepage/diamond_ore_0.png'
|
||
}
|
||
]" /> |