462 lines
8.8 KiB
Markdown
462 lines
8.8 KiB
Markdown
---
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front: https://nie.res.netease.com/r/pic/20210730/ee109f39-8987-46e0-9fe7-40ebb23060fa.png
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hard: 进阶
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time: 30分钟
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---
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# 开始接触新自定义方块
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打开MCStudio，使用关卡编辑器就可以直接新建一个自定义方块，非常的方便；但是，我们打开文件可以看到，方块的行为放在**netease_blocks**文件夹内，这里主要存放中国版特色的自定义方块，随着版本的更新，原版Add-on的自定义方块也可以实现很多有趣的功能，所以本章将全面展开介绍新自定义方块的概念的用法并制作地图的农作物、家具。
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[认识自定义方块](../../10-addon教程/第09章：自定义方块/课程01.认识自定义方块.md)
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中国版特色的自定义方块存放在netease_blocks文件夹内，而1.16+的新自定义方块写法需要放在微软的blocks文件夹内。
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<img src="./images/2.png" alt="2" style="zoom:120%;" />
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## 什么是方块属性
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方块属性是1.16版本后新写法的“特色”之一：**properties**，里面可以存放很多属性，其实属性就是数组，用于引擎判断，利用方块属性可以做的很多有趣的功能，比如将方块做成农作物并判断其生长年龄；图中的**farm:age**和**farm:growth**就是判断农作物的。
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```json
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{
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"format_version": "1.16.100",
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"minecraft:block": {
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"description": {
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"identifier": "farm:whiteradish",
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"properties": { //方块属性
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"farm:age": [0, 1, 2],
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"farm:growth": [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
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}
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},
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"permutations": [···],
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"events": {···},
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"components": {···}
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}
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}
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```
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使用**query.block_property**可以获取方块的属性值
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```json
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"query.block_property('farm:age') == 0"
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```
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## 什么是方块事件
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想要灵活的修改方块的行为，需要事件的配合：**events**。比如当玩家站在方块上的时候，修改方块的掉落物；我们就需要在方块的组件里添加**触发器**，并且在events内添加响应的事件。
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```json
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{
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"format_version": "1.16.100",
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"minecraft:block": {
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"description": {
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"identifier": "farm:my_block"
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},
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"components": { //方块组件
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"minecraft:on_step_on": { //触发器，当站在方块上的时候
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"event": "farm:drop_loot", //触发此事件
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"target": "self"
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}
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},
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"events": { //方块事件
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"farm:drop_loot": { //上方触发器触发的事件
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"spawn_loot": { //添加方块的掉落物
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"table": "loot_tables/blocks/my_loot_table.json"
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}
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}
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}
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}
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}
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```
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## 什么是方块组合
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方块组合可以根据不同的条件应用于具有MoLang表达式的方法，可以非常自由的调配方块的各种组件，实现很多功能；图中的组合分别添加了不同的MoLang表达式条件，就是当方块属性的**farm:age**为特定值的时候，将下方**components**里的组件加到这个方块中。
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```json
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{
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"format_version": "1.16.100",
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"minecraft:block": {
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"description": {
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"identifier": "farm:whiteradish",
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"properties": {···}
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},
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"permutations": [ //方块组合
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{
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"condition": "query.block_property('farm:age') == 0",
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"components": {···}
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},
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{
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"condition": "query.block_property('farm:age') == 1",
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"components": {···}
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},
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{
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"condition": "query.block_property('farm:age') == 2",
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"components": {···}
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}
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],
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"events":{···},
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"components":{···}
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}
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}
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```
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## 什么是方块标签
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方块标签可以将不同的方块分组归类，并通过标签获取使用；我将**"tag:farm_plant"**这个标签添加到不同的方块上，当我想要在其它文件中使用或查询的时候，就可以应用这个标签。
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```json
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{
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"format_version": "1.16.100",
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"minecraft:block": {
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"description": {
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"identifier": "farm:whiteradish",
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"properties": {
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"farm:age": [0, 1, 2],
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"farm:growth": [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
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}
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},
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"permutations": [···],
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"components": {
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"tag:farm_plant":{} //方块标签
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},
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"events": {···}
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}
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}
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```
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可以获取方块标签的表达式：
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- query.all_tags
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- query.any_tag
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- query.block_has_all_tags
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- query.block_has_any_tag
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- query.relative_block_has_all_tags
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- query.relative_block_has_any_tag
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## 新增了哪些方块组件
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### minecraft:unit_cube
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设定方块为普通的立方体
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```json
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{
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"minecraft:unit_cube": {}
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}
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```
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### minecraft:crafting_table
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设定方块为工作台
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```json
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{
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"minecraft:crafting_table": {
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"custom_description": "Example Crafting Table", // Name shown in GUI
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"grid_size": 3, // Currently only supports 3
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"crafting_tags": ["crafting_table", "custom_crafting_tag"]
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}
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}
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```
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### minecraft:material_instances
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方块的材质贴图和渲染方式
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```json
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{
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"minecraft:material_instances": {
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"*": {
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"texture": "texture_name",
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"render_method": "blend",
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"face_dimming": true,
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"ambient_occlusion": true
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}
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}
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}
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```
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### minecraft:geometry
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方块模型
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```json
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{
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"minecraft:geometry": "geometry.wiki"
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}
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```
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### minecraft:on_step_on
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触发器，配合事件使用：站在方块上时
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```json
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{
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"minecraft:on_step_on": {
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"event": "block_event",
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"target": "self",
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"condition": "query.block_property('wiki:block_property') == true"
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}
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}
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```
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### minecraft:on_step_off
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触发器，配合事件使用：离开方块上时
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```json
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{
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"minecraft:on_step_off": {
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"event": "block_event",
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"target": "self",
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"condition": "query.block_property('wiki:block_property') == true"
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}
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}
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```
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### minecraft:on_fall_on
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触发器，配合事件使用：方块坠落时
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```json
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{
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"minecraft:on_fall_on": {
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"event": "block_event",
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"target": "self",
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"condition": "query.block_property('wiki:block_property') == true",
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"min_fall_distance": 5
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}
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}
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```
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### minecraft:on_placed
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触发器，配合事件使用：方块被放置时
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```json
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{
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"minecraft:on_placed": {
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"event": "block_event",
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"target": "self",
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"condition": "query.block_property('wiki:block_property') == true"
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}
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}
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```
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### minecraft:on_player_placing
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触发器，配合事件使用：玩家放置方块时
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```json
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{
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"minecraft:on_player_placing": {
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"event": "block_event",
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"target": "self",
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"condition": "query.block_property('wiki:block_property') == true"
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}
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}
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```
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### minecraft:on_player_destroyed
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触发器，配合事件使用：玩家破坏方块时
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```json
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{
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"minecraft:on_player_destroyed": {
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"event": "block_event",
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"target": "self",
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"condition": "query.block_property('wiki:block_property') == true"
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}
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}
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```
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### minecraft:on_interact
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触发器，配合事件使用：玩家与方块交互时
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```json
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{
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"minecraft:on_interact": {
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"event": "block_event",
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"target": "self",
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"condition": "query.block_property('wiki:block_property') == true"
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}
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}
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```
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### minecraft:ticking
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触发器，配合事件使用：设置特定值的刻
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```json
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{
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"minecraft:ticking": {
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"looping": true,
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"range": [4, 4],
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"on_tick": {
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"event": "block_event",
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"target": "self",
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"condition": "query.block_property('wiki:block_property') == true"
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}
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}
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}
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```
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### minecraft:random_ticking
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触发器，配合事件使用：设置随机刻
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```json
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{
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"minecraft:random_ticking": {
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"on_tick": {
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"event": "block_event",
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"target": "self",
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"condition": "query.block_property('wiki:block_property') == true"
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}
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}
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}
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```
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### minecraft:entity_collision
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方块实体的碰撞箱
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```json
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{
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"minecraft:entity_collision": {
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"origin": [-8, 0, -8],
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"size": [16, 16, 16]
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}
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}
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```
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```json
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{
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"minecraft:entity_collision": false
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}
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```
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### minecraft:pick_collision
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选择方块时的碰撞箱
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```json
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{
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"minecraft:pick_collision": {
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"origin": [-8, 0, -8],
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"size": [16, 16, 16]
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}
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}
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```
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```json
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{
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"minecraft:pick_collision": false
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}
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```
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### minecraft:breakonpush
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设定被活塞推动时会破碎
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```json
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{
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"minecraft:breakonpush": true
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}
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```
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### minecraft:display_name
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设定方块名称
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```json
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{
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"minecraft:display_name": "Name"
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}
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```
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### minecraft:breathability
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设定方块的透气性，作为固体或是空气
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```json
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{
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"minecraft:breathability": "solid" // Also accepts 'air'
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}
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```
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### minecraft:immovable
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设定能否被活塞推动
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```json
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{
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"minecraft:immovable": true
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}
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```
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### minecraft:onlypistonpush
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设定方块是否会跟随粘性活塞移动
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```json
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{
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"minecraft:onlypistonpush": true
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}
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```
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### minecraft:placement_filter
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设定方块在什么条件下可以放置
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```json
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{
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"minecraft:placement_filter": {
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"conditions": [
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{
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"block_filter": ["minecraft:dirt"],
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"allowed_faces": ["up"]
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}
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]
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}
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}
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```
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### minecraft:preventsjumping
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设定踩在方块上时是否可以跳跃
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```json
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{
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"minecraft:preventsjumping": true
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}
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```
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### minecraft:rotation
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设定方块的旋转角度
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```json
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{
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"minecraft:rotation": [90, 180, 0]
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}
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```
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### minecraft:unwalkable
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设定踩在方块上时是否可以行走
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```json
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{
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"minecraft:unwalkable": true
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}
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```
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