367 lines
11 KiB
Markdown
367 lines
11 KiB
Markdown
---
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front: https://nie.res.netease.com/r/pic/20211104/69055361-2e7a-452f-8b1a-f23e1262a03a.jpg
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hard: 进阶
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time: 25分钟
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---
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# 让实体在水中悬浮
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我们知道，鸭子都喜欢在水面上游动。鸭子在游动的时候，虽然双脚在水中拍打，但是在水面上却极为平稳。成语“鸭子凫水”便意味着暗地使劲，明面上看不出来的行为。而我们目前的水鸭在水中漂浮时却仅仅是像其他生物一样，一上一下。在本节中，我们将我们的鸭子的行为改为在水面上持续悬浮。
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## 在原版实体中找到对应的组件
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我们在原版实体中回忆哪种实体存在悬浮在液体表面的行为。不难发现，赤足兽便是一种可以在熔岩表面悬浮的实体。因此，赤足兽的行为文件中必定存在一种可以用于悬浮的组件。我们打开赤足兽的行为文件来一探究竟。由于在水面漂浮应该是一种AI意向，我们着重关注带有`behavior.`前缀的组件。
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```json
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"minecraft:behavior.rise_to_liquid_level": {
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"priority": 0,
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"liquid_y_offset": 0.25,
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"rise_delta": 0.01,
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"sink_delta": 0.01
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},
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"minecraft:behavior.move_to_lava": {
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"priority": 7,
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"search_range": 16,
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"search_height": 10,
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"goal_radius": 0.9,
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"search_count": 30
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},
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"minecraft:behavior.random_stroll": {
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"priority": 8,
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"speed_multiplier": 0.8
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},
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"minecraft:behavior.look_at_player": {
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"priority": 9,
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"look_distance": 6.0,
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"probability": 0.02
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},
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"minecraft:behavior.random_look_around": {
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"priority": 10
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},
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"minecraft:behavior.panic": {
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"priority": 3,
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"speed_multiplier": 1.1,
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"panic_sound": "panic",
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"sound_interval": {
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"range_min": 1.0,
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"range_max": 3.0
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}
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},
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"minecraft:behavior.tempt": {
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"priority": 5,
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"speed_multiplier": 1.2,
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"items": [
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"warped_fungus",
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"warped_fungus_on_a_stick"
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],
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"tempt_sound": "tempt",
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"sound_interval": {
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"range_min": 2.0,
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"range_max": 5.0
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}
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}
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```
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很快，我们便能通过其组件名的字面意思定位到`priority`优先级为0的那个组件`minecraft:behavior.rise_to_liquid_level`。事实上，这个确实就是能够使赤足兽悬浮的AI意向。我们将其复制到鸭子中。
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## 实现水鸭的行为
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我们稍作修改，然后将其复制到水鸭的行为定义文件中。
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```json
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"minecraft:behavior.rise_to_liquid_level": {
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"priority": 0,
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"liquid_y_offset": -0.5,
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"rise_delta": 0.01,
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"sink_delta": 0.01
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}
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```
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这并没有结束。因为我们知道，水鸭之所以会在水面上上下浮动是因为另一个AI意向也在起作用，那就是`minecraft:behavior.float`。我们删除这个AI意向。
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最后，我们更改水鸭的导航组件。因为我们删除了`minecraft:behavior.float`，水鸭的AI便不再要求水鸭持续浮在水面上，所以我们在水鸭的导航组件`minecraft:navigation.walk`中加入`can_sink`并设置为`false`。这样，水鸭在水中便不会下沉。
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```json
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"minecraft:navigation.walk": {
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"can_path_over_water": true,
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"can_sink": false,
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"avoid_damage_blocks": true
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}
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```
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至此，我们从理论上边实现了水鸭的行为替换。
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```json
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{
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"format_version": "1.16.0",
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"minecraft:entity": {
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"description": {
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"identifier": "tutorial_demo:teal",
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"runtime_identifier": "minecraft:chicken",
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"is_spawnable": true,
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"is_summonable": true,
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"is_experimental": false
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},
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"component_groups": {
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"minecraft:teal_baby": {
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"minecraft:is_baby": {},
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"minecraft:scale": {
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"value": 0.5
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},
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"minecraft:ageable": {
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"duration": 1200,
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"feed_items": ["wheat_seeds", "beetroot_seeds", "melon_seeds", "pumpkin_seeds"],
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"grow_up": {
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"event": "minecraft:ageable_grow_up",
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"target": "self"
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}
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},
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"minecraft:behavior.follow_parent": {
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"priority": 5,
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"speed_multiplier": 1.1
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}
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},
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"minecraft:teal_adult": {
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"minecraft:experience_reward": {
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"on_bred": "Math.Random(1,7)",
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"on_death": "query.last_hit_by_player?Math.Random(1,3):0"
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},
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"minecraft:loot": {
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"table": "loot_tables/entities/chicken.json"
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},
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"minecraft:breedable": {
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"require_tame": false,
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"breeds_with": {
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"mate_type": "tutorial_demo:teal",
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"baby_type": "tutorial_demo:teal",
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"breed_event": {
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"event": "minecraft:entity_born",
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"target": "baby"
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}
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},
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"breed_items": ["wheat_seeds", "beetroot_seeds", "melon_seeds", "pumpkin_seeds"]
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},
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"minecraft:behavior.breed": {
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"priority": 3,
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"speed_multiplier": 1
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},
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"minecraft:rideable": {
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"seat_count": 1,
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"family_types": ["zombie"],
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"seats": {
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"position": [0, 0.4, 0]
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}
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},
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"minecraft:spawn_entity": {
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"entities": {
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"min_wait_time": 300,
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"max_wait_time": 600,
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"spawn_sound": "plop",
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"spawn_item": "egg",
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"filters": {
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"test": "rider_count",
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"subject": "self",
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"operator": "==",
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"value": 0
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}
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}
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}
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}
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},
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"components": {
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"minecraft:type_family": {
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"family": ["chicken", "mob"]
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},
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"minecraft:breathable": {
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"total_supply": 15,
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"suffocate_time": 0
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},
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"minecraft:collision_box": {
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"width": 0.6,
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"height": 0.8
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},
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"minecraft:nameable": {},
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"minecraft:health": {
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"value": 4,
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"max": 4
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},
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"minecraft:hurt_on_condition": {
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"damage_conditions": [
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{
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"filters": {
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"test": "in_lava",
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"subject": "self",
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"operator": "==",
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"value": true
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},
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"cause": "lava",
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"damage_per_tick": 4
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}
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]
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},
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"minecraft:movement": {
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"value": 0.25
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},
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"minecraft:damage_sensor": {
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"triggers": {
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"cause": "fall",
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"deals_damage": false
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}
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},
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"minecraft:leashable": {
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"soft_distance": 4,
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"hard_distance": 6,
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"max_distance": 10
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},
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"minecraft:balloonable": {
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"mass": 0.5
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},
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"minecraft:navigation.walk": {
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"can_path_over_water": true,
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"can_sink": false, // 添加不会下沉
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"avoid_damage_blocks": true
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},
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"minecraft:movement.basic": {},
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"minecraft:jump.static": {},
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"minecraft:can_climb": {},
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"minecraft:despawn": {
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"despawn_from_distance": {}
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},
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"minecraft:behavior.rise_to_liquid_level": {
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"priority": 0,
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"liquid_y_offset": -0.5,
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"rise_delta": 0.01,
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"sink_delta": 0.01
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}, // 添加赤足兽的悬浮行为
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"minecraft:behavior.panic": {
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"priority": 1,
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"speed_multiplier": 1.5
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},
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"minecraft:behavior.mount_pathing": {
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"priority": 2,
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"speed_multiplier": 1.5,
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"target_dist": 0,
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"track_target": true
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},
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"minecraft:behavior.tempt": {
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"priority": 4,
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"speed_multiplier": 1,
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"items": ["wheat_seeds", "beetroot_seeds", "melon_seeds", "pumpkin_seeds"]
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},
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"minecraft:behavior.random_stroll": {
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"priority": 6,
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"speed_multiplier": 1
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},
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"minecraft:behavior.look_at_player": {
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"priority": 7,
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"look_distance": 6,
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"probability": 0.02
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},
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"minecraft:behavior.random_look_around": {
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"priority": 8
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},
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"minecraft:physics": {},
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"minecraft:pushable": {
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"is_pushable": true,
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"is_pushable_by_piston": true
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},
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"minecraft:conditional_bandwidth_optimization": {}
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},
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"events": {
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"from_egg": {
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"add": {
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"component_groups": ["minecraft:teal_baby"]
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}
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},
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"minecraft:entity_spawned": {
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"randomize": [
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{
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"weight": 95,
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"trigger": "minecraft:spawn_adult"
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},
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{
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"weight": 5,
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"add": {
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"component_groups": ["minecraft:teal_baby"]
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}
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}
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]
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},
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"minecraft:entity_born": {
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"remove": {},
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"add": {
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"component_groups": ["minecraft:teal_baby"]
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}
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},
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"minecraft:ageable_grow_up": {
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"remove": {
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"component_groups": ["minecraft:teal_baby"]
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},
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"add": {
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"component_groups": ["minecraft:teal_adult"]
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}
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},
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"minecraft:spawn_adult": {
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"add": {
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"component_groups": ["minecraft:teal_adult"]
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}
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}
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}
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}
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}
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```
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但是事实上，由于某些缺陷，我们当前的水鸭在实际游戏中依旧会无视`minecraft:behavior.rise_to_liquid_level`行为并给自己添加一个`minecraft:behavior.float`行为。这会导致我们的行为替换失败。这是由于我们的水鸭包是Blockbench生成的，使用了微软最新的清单文件格式版本，我们需要将清单文件中格式版本从2改为1才能消除这一隐患。
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同样地，我们在资源包中也需要将清单文件的格式版本从2替换为1，否则将因为格式版本的不对应导致水鸭的贴图无法加载。由于格式版本的改变，这将影响到最低引擎版本，所以我们将资源包中的最低引擎版本删除，否则将导致加载失败。
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```json
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{
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"format_version": "1.10.0",
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"minecraft:client_entity": {
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"description": {
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"identifier": "tutorial_demo:teal",
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//"min_engine_version": "1.12.0",
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"materials": {
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"default": "chicken",
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"legs": "chicken_legs"
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},
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"textures": {
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"default": "textures/entity/teal"
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},
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"geometry": {
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"default": "geometry.teal"
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},
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"animations": {
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"move": "animation.teal.move",
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//"general": "animation.teal.general",
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"look_at_target": "animation.common.look_at_target",
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"baby_transform": "animation.teal.baby_transform"
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},
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"scripts": {
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"animate": [
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//"general",
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{
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"move": "query.modified_move_speed"
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},
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"look_at_target",
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{
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"baby_transform": "query.is_baby"
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}
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]
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},
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"render_controllers": ["controller.render.chicken"],
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"spawn_egg": {
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"base_color": "#62c287",
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"overlay_color": "#87692b"
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}
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}
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}
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}
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```
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同时，我们将`general`动画删除。`general`动画是硬编码的翅膀煽动动画，鸭子在水中或空气中都会播放该动画。但是，众所周知，鸭子游泳时翅膀是不煽动的，所以我们直接删除此动画。
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我们进入游戏，可以看到我们鸭子确实拥有了悬浮的AI意向！ |