257 lines
7.2 KiB
Markdown
257 lines
7.2 KiB
Markdown
---
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front: https://mc.res.netease.com/pc/zt/20201109161633/mc-dev/assets/img/2_1.8a46d947.jpg
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hard: 进阶
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time: 25分钟
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---
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# 自定义作物
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#### 作者：境界
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在《我的世界》中，种植一个作物需要一颗种子。因此从开发的角度来说，自定义作物需要用到一个种子道具和一个自定义方块。实现自定义作物的常用方法一共有两种，一种可以通过纯组件方式实现，一种则需要用到MODSDK，本章将会为开发者提供这两种思路去实现自己的自定义作物。
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#### 开始前的准备
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#### 自定义种子
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自定义一个种子道具，设置它的最大堆叠数为64个。加入"minecraft:seed"组件，其中有两个键对，"crop_result"指向种植的方块，这里命名为"design:custom_crop_0"，它将作为未成熟的自定义作物方块的名称域备用。"plant_at"指向可以种植的方块，这里设置只能种植在灰化土上。
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```
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{
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"format_version": "1.16.0",
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"minecraft:item": {
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"description": {
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"identifier": "design:custom_crop_item",
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"category": "Items"
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},
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"components": {
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"minecraft:max_stack_size": 64,
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"minecraft:seed": {
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"crop_result": "design:custom_crop_0",
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"plant_at": ["podzol"]
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}
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}
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}
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}
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```
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#### 自定义农作物方块
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```
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{
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"format_version": "1.16.0",
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"minecraft:block": {
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"description": {
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"identifier": "design:custom_crop_0"
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},
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"components": {
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"minecraft:block_light_absorption": 0,
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"minecraft:destroy_time": 0.0,
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"minecraft:loot": "loot_tables/empty.json",
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"netease:render_layer": {
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"value": "alpha"
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},
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"netease:aabb": {
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"collision": {
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"min": [0.0, 0.0, 0.0],
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"max": [0.0, 0.0, 0.0]
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},
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"clip": {
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"min": [0.0, 0.0, 0.0],
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"max": [1.0, 0.125, 1.0]
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}
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},
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"netease:may_place_on": {
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"block": ["minecraft:podzol"]
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}
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}
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}
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}
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```
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自定义未成熟的作物方块行为，用"minecraft:block_light_absorption"设置它的透光度为0，这样方块不会在世界中产生难看的阴影。用netease:aabb将碰撞箱和射线检测碰撞箱适配实际方块的形象。用netease:render_layer将方块材质设置为透明材质。用"minecraft:destroy_time"设置它的破坏时间为0.0，用"minecraft:loot"将掉落物指向原版的空战利品表，即不掉落任何掉落物。用“netease:may_place_on”设置方块只能生长在灰化土上，不是灰化土则自毁。
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自定义未成熟的作物方块材质，设置它被破坏的音效为草的音效，与原版作物方块被破坏的音效一致。将它的方块形状设置为"cross_texture"，这样方块就会像原版的作物方块一样呈现一个交叉形状，适合对方块模型没有特殊要求的开发者。
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```
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{
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"format_version": [
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1,
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1,
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0
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],
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"design:custom_crop_0": {
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"blockshape": "cross_texture",
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"sound": "grass",
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"textures": "design:custom_crop_0"
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}
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}
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```
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```
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{
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"resource_pack_name": "vanilla",
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"texture_name": "atlas.terrain",
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"texture_data": {
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"design:custom_crop_0": {
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"textures": "textures/blocks/wheat_stage_0"
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}
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}
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}
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```
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最后在textures/terrain_texture.json文件（如果没有就新建）里，设置作物的资源键和资源路径。
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在自定义方块内加入"netease:transform"组件，"condition"内放置方块的条件，brightness光照控制方块在什么光照条件下生长，random_tick_count为转化需要的随机tick次数，surrounding为防转化需要的周围方块，radius是方块半径。result是方块转化后的结果方块。
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```
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{
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"format_version":"1.16.0",
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"minecraft:block":{
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"description":{
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"identifier":"design:custom_crop_0"
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},
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"components":{
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"minecraft:block_light_absorption":0,
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"minecraft:destroy_time":0,
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"minecraft:loot":"loot_tables/empty.json",
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"netease:render_layer":{
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"value":"alpha"
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},
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"netease:aabb":{
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"collision":{
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"min":[0,0,0],
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"max":[0,0,0]
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},
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"clip":{
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"min":[0,0,0],
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"max":[1,0.125,1]
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}
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},
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"netease:may_place_on":{
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"block":[
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"minecraft:podzol"
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]
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},
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"netease:transform":{
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"conditions":{
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"brightness":{ // 农作物生长必须满足的光照条件
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"max":15,
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"min":9
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},
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"random_tick_count":{ // 转化需要的随机tick次数
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"value":2
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},
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"surrouding":{ //转化需要的周围方块
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"value":"minecraft:podzol",
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"radius":1 //半径
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}
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},
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"result":"minecraft:wheat" //转化为哪种方块
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}
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}
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}
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}
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```
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#### 脚本实现自定义方块
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```
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{
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"format_version": "1.16.0",
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"minecraft:block": {
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"description": {
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"identifier": "design:custom_crop_0"
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},
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"components": {
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"minecraft:block_light_absorption": 0,
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"minecraft:destroy_time": 0.0,
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"minecraft:loot": "loot_tables/empty.json",
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"netease:render_layer": {
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"value": "alpha"
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},
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"netease:aabb": {
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"collision": {
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"min": [0.0, 0.0, 0.0],
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"max": [0.0, 0.0, 0.0]
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},
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"clip": {
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"min": [0.0, 0.0, 0.0],
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"max": [1.0, 0.125, 1.0]
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}
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},
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"netease:may_place_on": {
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"block": ["minecraft:podzol"]
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},
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"netease:random_tick": {
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"enable": true,
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"tick_to_script": true
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},
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"netease:block_entity": {
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"tick": false,
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"movable": false
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}
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}
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}
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}
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```
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在自定义方块内加入"netease:random_tick"组件，其中enable为是否启用random_tick随机时间，tick_to_script为触发随机时间时，是否传递BlockRandomTickServerEvent事件到脚本层。启动随机时间组件后，方块会在每一个随机间隔内将事件发送到脚本层，为了达到更加拟真的效果，我们加入方块实体组件，这样可以用来保存方块状态，进行一个生长值的模拟。
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在示例图中，我们通过监听BlockRandomTickServerEvent来判断是否可以转换到下一个阶段的自定义农作物，判断条件不限定于netease:transform中描述的光照、tick数量以及周边环境。同时，我们还可以借助blockEntityData组件来存储数据。最后满足条件结果，会将自定义作物方块转化为成熟的小麦，当然，也可以替换成开发者自定义的作物。
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