--- title: '粒子与音效' category: 基础 tags: - 已过时 mentions: - SirLich - Joelant05 - destruc7ion - MedicalJewel105 - aexer0e - solvedDev --- # 粒子与音效 :::danger 本页部分信息已迁移至[动画效果文档](/wiki/visuals/animation-effects) ::: ## 动画中的粒子效果 Minecraft粒子效果可以应用于实体动画。例如，幻翼拥有持续释放minecraft:phantom_trail粒子的动画。让我们尝试在实体的攻击动画中添加粒子效果。 `资源包/entity/description/ 目录下` ::: code-group ```json [实体描述文件示例] "particle_effects": { "l_explosion": "minecraft:large_explosion" }, ``` ::: 这段代码位于资源包实体文件中。这里我们为将要使用的粒子"minecraft:large_explosion"定义了一个简称"l_explosion"。 可以通过指令`/particle <命名空间:粒子ID> ~ ~2 ~`在游戏中测试粒子效果。完整原版粒子列表可参考[Minecraft Wiki](https://minecraft.wiki/w/Particles)。 现在进行Blockbench操作： 1. 右键点击要发射粒子的骨骼，选择锚点图标添加定位器，命名如"l_expl_emitter"，并移动到目标位置 ![](/assets/images/guide/custom_particles_1.png) _注：命名为'lead'的定位器可定义栓绳连接点_ 2. 在动画时间轴中选择"Animate Effects"，点击粒子对象旁的+号 ![](/assets/images/guide/custom_particles_2.png) 3. 左侧面板中填写粒子简称和定位器名称 ![](/assets/images/guide/custom_particles_3.png) _注：音效添加方式类似_ ![](/assets/images/guide/custom_particles_4.jpg) 完成保存后，实体攻击时将生成指定粒子效果。_同理可在行走动画中添加蹄印扬尘效果_ ## 自定义粒子 自定义粒子定义于`RP/particles`目录。可通过指令或动画发射器调用。建议通过[原版示例资源包](https://www.minecraft.net/en-us/addons)和[bedrock.dev粒子文档](http://bedrock.dev/r/Particles)学习。 _提示：文末提供可视化粒子生成工具_ 文件结构说明： - "identifier"：粒子标识符（示例使用"wiki:curvy_particle"） - "texture"：支持多粒子共用纹理图集 - "material"：通常设为"particles_alpha" ![](/assets/images/guide/custom_particles_5.png) 使用16x16纹理图集（路径：`RP/particles/wiki_particles.png`），包含4个8x8子纹理。上排（0,0起始）用于"wiki:curvy_particle"，下排（0,8起始）用于其他粒子。 ::: code-group ```json [RP/particles/curvy_particle.json] { "format_version": "1.10.0", "particle_effect": { "description": { "identifier": "wiki:curvy_particle", "basic_render_parameters": { "material": "particles_alpha", "texture": "textures/particle/wiki_particles" } }, "components": { "minecraft:emitter_rate_instant": { "num_particles": 50 }, "minecraft:emitter_lifetime_once": { "active_time": 0 }, "minecraft:emitter_shape_sphere": { "radius": 0.3, "direction": "outwards" }, "minecraft:particle_initial_speed": "Math.random(0.0, 15.0)", "minecraft:particle_initial_spin": { "rotation": "Math.random(0, 360)", "rotation_rate": "Math.random(-300, 300)" }, "minecraft:particle_lifetime_expression": { "max_lifetime": "Math.random(1.0, 4.0)" }, "minecraft:particle_motion_dynamic": { "linear_acceleration": [0, 2.0, 0], "linear_drag_coefficient": 5, "rotation_drag_coefficient": 0.3 }, "minecraft:particle_appearance_billboard": { "size": ["0.11", "0.11"], "facing_camera_mode": "lookat_xyz", "uv": { "texture_width": 16, "texture_height": 16, "flipbook": { "base_UV": [0, 0], "size_UV": [8, 8], "step_UV": [8, 0], "frames_per_second": 2, "max_frame": 2, "stretch_to_lifetime": true, "loop": false } } }, "minecraft:particle_appearance_lighting": {} } } } ``` ::: 参数解析： - "texture_width/height"：纹理图尺寸 - "base_UV"：粒子起始坐标（示例下个粒子为[0,8]） - "size_UV"：粒子纹理尺寸 - "step_UV"：帧切换步长 - "frames_per_second"：帧速率 ::: code-group ```json [RP/particles/pink_hit.json] { "format_version": "1.10.0", "particle_effect": { "description": { "identifier": "wiki:pink_hit", "basic_render_parameters": { "material": "particles_alpha", "texture": "textures/particle/wiki_particles" } }, "components": { "minecraft:emitter_rate_steady": { "spawn_rate": 520, "max_particles": 48 }, "minecraft:emitter_lifetime_once": { "active_time": 0.15 }, "minecraft:emitter_shape_point": { "offset": [0.0, "Math.random(-0.9, -0.5)", 0.0], "direction": [ "Math.random(-0.75, 0.75)", "Math.random(-1.0, 1.0)", "Math.random(-0.75, 0.75)" ] }, "minecraft:particle_initial_speed": "Math.random(10.0, 20.0)", "minecraft:particle_lifetime_expression": { "max_lifetime": "6.0 / (Math.random(0.0, 16.0) + 12.0)" }, "minecraft:particle_motion_dynamic": { "linear_acceleration": [0, -12.0, 0], "linear_drag_coefficient": 10 }, "minecraft:particle_appearance_billboard": { "size": [ "0.10 + v.particle_random_1*0.05", "0.10 + v.particle_random_1*0.05" ], "facing_camera_mode": "lookat_xyz", "uv": { "texture_width": 16, "texture_height": 16, "flipbook": { "base_UV": [0, 8], "size_UV": [8, 8], "step_UV": [8, 0], "frames_per_second": 8, "max_frame": 2, "stretch_to_lifetime": true, "loop": false } } }, "minecraft:particle_appearance_tinting": { "color": { "gradient": [ [ "v.particle_random_1*0.3 + 0.6", "v.particle_random_2*0.3+ 0.6", "v.particle_random_2*0.3+ 0.6", 1.0 ], ["v.particle_random_1*0.3 + 0.6", 0.5, 0.3, 1.0] ], "interpolant": "v.particle_age/v.particle_lifetime" } }, "minecraft:particle_appearance_lighting": {} } } } ``` ::: 建议使用可视化工具[Snowstorm](https://jannisx11.github.io/snowstorm/)或[VSC扩展](https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=JannisX11.snowstorm)简化粒子创建。 ![](/assets/images/guide/custom_particles_6.jpg) `/particle wiki:pink_hit ~ ~2 ~` ![](/assets/images/guide/custom_particles_7.jpg) `/particle wiki:curvy_particle ~ ~2 ~` --- ## 自定义音效 详细教程参见[Bedrock开发Wiki](/wiki/concepts/sounds) ### 文件规范 - 格式：推荐.ogg，支持.wav - 路径：`RP/sounds/`子目录（示例使用`RP/sounds/mob/`） ### 音效定义 在`RP/sounds/sound_definitions.json`中注册： ::: code-group ```json [RP/sounds/sound_definitions.json] { "format_version": "1.14.0", "sound_definitions": { "mob.yaklin.idle": { "category": "neutral", "max_distance": 12.0, "sounds": ["sounds/mob/yaklin_moo", "sounds/mob/yaklin_moo_2"] }, "mob.yaklin.death": { "category": "neutral", "max_distance": 12.0, "sounds": ["sounds/mob/yaklin_moo"] }, "mob.yaklin.hurt": { "category": "neutral", "max_distance": 12.0, "sounds": "sounds/mob/yaklin_moo" } } } ``` ::: ### 音效绑定 通过`RP/sounds.json`关联实体事件： ::: code-group ```json [实体音效配置示例] "wiki:skele_yaklin": { "volume": 1.0, "pitch": [1.0, 1.0], "events": { "ambient": "mob.yaklin.idle", "hurt": "mob.yaklin.hurt", "death": "mob.yaklin.death", "step": { "sound": "mob.cow.step", "volume": 0.15, "pitch": 1.0 } } } ``` ::: 事件类型说明： - ambient：环境音（如生物呼吸声） - hurt：受伤音效 - death：死亡音效 - step：移动音效 --- ## 进度总结 **已完成：** - 掌握动画粒子效果实现 - 创建两种自定义粒子 - 配置实体自定义音效 **后续方向：** - 自定义生物群系 - 创建生成结构 - 脚本系统入门